Ali Shah Citadel

Ali Shah Citadel, regarded as one of the most outstanding historical monuments of Tabriz, stands in the city center near Saat Square (Clock Square). It was built during the Mongol Ilkhanid period, in the early 8th century AH (14th century CE), by Taj al-Din Alishah Gilani, vizier to Sultan Mohammad Khodabandeh and Sultan Abu Sa'id. The original aim was to create a large mosque of magnificent architecture, but after an earthquake in 1641 CE, parts of it were destroyed. Today only the southern iwan of this immense mosque remains. It has become known as Ali Shah Citadel and is recognized as one of the symbols of Tabriz.

Covering an area of about 6,500 square meters, Ali Shah Citadel once comprised a large mosque with four iwans, a spacious courtyard, a large pool, and a tomb in the middle of the courtyard. The southern iwan, known today as Ali Shah Citadel, is about 30 meters high and 10 meters wide. This massive structure was built with large bricks and colorful tiles, and in its heyday it featured beautiful stucco work and marble columns. Archaeological excavations at the site have uncovered pottery fragments from various historical periods, as well as coins dating from the Ilkhanid era to the Qajar period, which demonstrate the historical importance of the site.

To reach Ali Shah Citadel, you can use a private car or public transport. The nearest metro station is Shahid Mohaghegh Station. If you prefer to take a bus, board the Shariati BRT bus toward Abresan and get off at Saat Square station. From there, a short walk will take you to the citadel. The citadel can be visited at any hour of the day or night, and there is no special entrance. However, daytime hours, especially morning and late afternoon, are better for visiting. At night, the citadel's beautiful lighting gives it a special look and can offer visitors a different experience.