Hotu and Komarband Caves

The Hotu and Komarband caves date back to the prehistoric era of ancient Iran and are located in Behshahr County, in the village of Torujan (Shahid Abad). Hotu Cave lies on the slopes of the Alborz mountain range, facing west, at the entrance to the city of Behshahr, and about 50 metres from its twin, Komarband Cave. It has two entrances at different heights and a ventilation hole in the ceiling. A river flowing past the front of the cave has made it an ideal place to settle.

Because of the total darkness inside the caves, no green plants grow in them. However, at the cave entrances and in the areas where sunlight penetrates, you can see various plants such as ferns, moss and fungi. The area around the cave has diverse vegetation, including oak, Caucasian elm (mamrez), beech, hornbeam, alder, hawthorn, Caucasian ash, boxwood, yew, wild jasmine, blackberry, barberry, wild strawberry, borage, thyme and mint. Because of the lack of light and food, animal diversity inside the cave is very limited. Even so, some animals such as bats, spiders, beetles, centipedes and glow-worms can be seen in these caves. Around the cave live various animals, including wild boar, jackals, foxes, rabbits, partridges, pheasants, ducks, storks, eagles, snakes, tortoises and frogs.

Choose suitable walking shoes with good grip so that you don't slip while walking in the cave. It is dark inside caves, so be sure to bring a flashlight. Bring a first-aid kit in case of any medical problem. Before travelling to the cave, it is best to follow these tips: check the weather conditions; do not go to the cave alone, and always travel with a group or an experienced guide; do not make noise in the cave, and respect its silence; do not touch the cave walls or stalactites under any circumstances; and avoid lighting fires in the cave.

The best time to visit the Hotu and Komarband caves is spring and summer. The caves are open to visitors every day from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Facilities include parking, restrooms, road access for cars and, if desired, tour guides.