Sarab-e Bisotun

Sarab-e Bisotun, or the Bisotun Spring, is one of the natural attractions of Kermanshah Province. It lies at the foot of Mount Bisotun, within the Bisotun historical and cultural site, about 30 kilometres northeast of the city of Kermanshah. Since ancient times it has played an important role in supplying water to farmland and in the formation of human settlements in the area. The spring's water collects in a pool that took shape and gradually expanded during the 1330s and 1340s (Solar Hijri; the 1950s and 1960s), which is why the place is known among local people as Sarab-e Bisotun. The presence of water and favourable environmental conditions made this area a suitable stopping place for caravans and a settlement site in various historical periods. Sarab-e Bisotun was added to Iran's National Heritage list in 1380 (Solar Hijri; 2001) and to the country's Natural Heritage list in 1388 (Solar Hijri; 2009).

One of the key features of Sarab-e Bisotun is its link to a group of valuable historical and archaeological monuments around it. The relief of Darius the Great, the statue of Hercules, the Hunters' Cave, the Median sanctuary, the Parthian reliefs and the remains of the Parthian city are among the sights that, together with the spring itself, offer a varied experience of nature and history tourism. The spring's water also irrigates the farmland of Bisotun and Bolurdi, flowing through outlet channels to the lands downstream. In recent years Sarab-e Bisotun has faced a sharp drop in water flow and the risk of drying up. However, according to a report published in Azar 1404 (Solar Hijri), recent rainfall had filled it with water again. These changes make protecting the water resources and the ecosystem of the spring all the more important. The view of the water beside Mount Bisotun and the surrounding historical monuments makes this place appealing to photography enthusiasts and to those who enjoy visiting natural and cultural attractions.

To visit Sarab-e Bisotun, you can take the main Kermanshah–Hamadan road to the Bisotun historical site. Its location close to the main route makes it easy to reach by private car. Spring and early autumn, when the weather is usually milder, are good times to visit and explore the site. However, the amount of water in the spring may vary depending on rainfall and drought conditions. Visitors can combine a visit to the spring with the nearby historical monuments, and to enjoy the views more fully, set aside time for walking and photography in permitted areas. To protect this natural heritage, avoid throwing litter in or around the water, damaging the vegetation, polluting the spring or disturbing aquatic life. Respecting the regulations of the historical site and protecting its ancient monuments is also important for preserving the natural and cultural values of Sarab-e Bisotun.